CentOS下nginx+php+fastcgi笔记

Centos版本5.7，首先需要做的进行内核优化。下面是内核优化参数

内核优化

net.ipv4.ip_forward = 0 net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 1 net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route = 0 kernel.sysrq = 0 kernel.core_uses_pid = 1 net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1 kernel.msgmnb = 65536 kernel.msgmax = 65536 kernel.shmmax = 68719476736 kernel.shmall = 4294967296 net.ipv4.tcp_max_tw_buckets = 6000 net.ipv4.tcp_sack = 1 net.ipv4.tcp_window_scaling = 1 net.ipv4.tcp_rmem = 4096 87380 4194304 net.ipv4.tcp_wmem = 4096 16384 4194304 net.core.wmem_default = 8388608 net.core.rmem_default = 8388608 net.core.rmem_max = 16777216 net.core.wmem_max = 16777216 net.core.netdev_max_backlog = 262144 net.core.somaxconn = 262144 net.ipv4.tcp_max_orphans = 3276800 net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog = 262144 net.ipv4.tcp_timestamps = 0 net.ipv4.tcp_synack_retries = 1 net.ipv4.tcp_syn_retries = 1 net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle = 1 net.ipv4.tcp_tw_reuse = 1 net.ipv4.tcp_mem = 94500000 915000000 927000000 net.ipv4.tcp_fin_timeout = 1 net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_time = 30 net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65000

1.安装MySQL

yum安装即可

yum install mysql mysql-server

设置MySQL启动级别

chkconfig --levels 235 mysqld on /etc/init.d/mysqld start

编辑my.cnf，进行MySQL调优设置，与内存，应用需求等有关。

vi /etc/my.cnf

我的优化代码

set-variable=max_connections=1000 set-variable=wait_timeout=10 max_connect_errors = 300 query_cache_size=128M query_cache_limit=2M query_cache_min_res_unit=2k sort_buffer_size=6M tmp_table_size=246M record_buffer=16M thread_stack=512K thread_cache_size=300 table_cache=512 max_allowed_packet=32M key_buffer_size=256M read_buffer_size=3M read_rnd_buffer_size=16M myisam_sort_buffer_size=64M skip-locking skip-name-resolve back_log=384

重启MySQL服务，以便加载刚才做的设置。之后运行安装脚本，设置密码。

mysql_secure_installation

2.安装nginx

需要使用epel源，下载安装163镜像的即可。

rpm -Uvh http://download.fedora.redhat.com/pub/epel/5/i386/epel-release-5-4.noarch.rpm rpm -import /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL yum install nginx php-cli php make automake gcc gcc-c++ \ spawn-fcgi php-mysql php-gd php-imap php-ldap php-odbc php-pear \ php-xml php-xmlrpc php-eaccelerator php-magickwand \ php-magpierss php-mbstring php-mcrypt php-mssql php-shout php-snmp \ php-soap php-tidy

在这里说一下，比较讨厌的是因为依赖关系的原因，还是会安装apache2，在安装完毕后，先关闭启动级别，然后用chkconfig删除启动项。它就不会启动了，不用怕占用端口。

chkconfig httpd off chkconfig --del httpd chkconfig --level 35 nginx on service nginx start

3.配置nginx

这里先使用www.example.com作为一个实例，创建必须的日志目录和web目录,并且更改目录所属权。

mkdir -p /srv/www/www.example.com/public_html mkdir /srv/www/www.example.com/logs chown -R nginx:nginx /srv/www/www.example.com

之后到nginx配置目录新建2个虚拟主机的目录。

mkdir /etc/nginx/sites-available mkdir /etc/nginx/sites-enabled

然后编辑nginx.conf文件，包含sites-enabled目录即可。在include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf之后添加。

# Load virtual host configuration files. include /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/*;

okay，现在开始编辑虚拟主机www.example.com文件的内容。

vi /etc/nginx/site-available/www.example.com server { server_name www.example.com example.com; access_log /srv/www/www.example.com/logs/access.log; error_log /srv/www/www.example.com/logs/error.log; root /srv/www/www.example.com/public_html; location / { index index.html index.htm index.php; } location ~ \.php$ { try_files $uri =404; if ($fastcgi_script_name ~ \..*\/.*php ) { return 403; } include /etc/nginx/fastcgi_params; fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; fastcgi_index index.php; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /srv/www/www.example.com/public_html$fastcgi_script_name; } }

现在让站点加入sites-enabled中，重启nginx.

cd /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/ ln -s /etc/nginx/sites-available/www.example.com service nginx restart

4.配置spawn-fcgi

使用国外高手制作的spawn-fcgi脚本和php-fastcgi，设置启动选项。

cd /opt wget -O php-fastcgi-rpm.sh http://library.linode.com/assets/696-php-fastcgi-rpm.sh mv php-fastcgi-rpm.sh /usr/bin/php-fastcgi chmod +x /usr/bin/php-fastcgi

wget -O php-fastcgi-init-rpm.sh http://library.linode.com/assets/697-php-fastcgi-init-rpm.sh mv php-fastcgi-init-rpm.sh /etc/rc.d/init.d/php-fastcgi chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/php-fastcgi chkconfig --add php-fastcgi chkconfig php-fastcgi on /etc/init.d/php-fastcgi start

5.其他

a.php临时上传目录权限要更改。

chown -R root:nginx /var/lib/php/session

b.php-fastcgi的启动脚本的restart函数貌似有个错误，说是无configtest此命令。

解决办法就是删除或者注释掉restart函数里面含有configtest的这一行,直接使用killall -9 php-cgi,stop函数也需要改一下。

c.由于安全问题，需要将/etc/php.ini中的cgi.fix_pathinfo设置为1.